Approximation by diffusion of semiconductor Boltzmann equation

Main Article Content

Patrick Atiofack Fouegap
David Dongo
Jean Louis Woukeng

Abstract

In this paper, we deal with the asymptotic behaviour of a semiconductor Boltzmann equation by using the sigma convergence method. We first prove that the scaled model is well-posed in the usual Lebesgue space of square integrable functions, and we perform the a priori estimates. Then, assuming that the coefficients of the model are highly oscillating in space variable, we show that in the non-vanishing flux case, the homogenized problem is equivalent at first order, to a hyperbolic process modified by a perturbation of viscosity, and the diffusion term appears at second order. In the vanishing flux case, we obtain a diffusion model.

Article Details

How to Cite
Fouegap, P. A., Dongo, D., & Woukeng, J. L. (2026). Approximation by diffusion of semiconductor Boltzmann equation. Tamkang Journal of Mathematics, 57(3), 219–252. https://doi.org/10.5556/j.tkjm.57.2026.5978
Section
Papers
Author Biographies

Patrick Atiofack Fouegap, University of Dschang

Department of Mathematics and computer science

Jean Louis Woukeng, University of Dschang

Department of Mathematics and computer science

References

[1] P. Aceves-Sanchez and A. Mellet, Asymptotic analysis of a Vlasov--Boltzmann equation with anomalous scaling, Comm. Math. Phys., 350 (2017), 763--789.

[2] R. A. Adams and J. J. F. Fournier, Sobolev spaces, 2$^{nd}$ edition, Academic Press, New York, 2003.

[3] G. Allaire and G. Bal, Homogenization of the criticality spectral equation in neutron transport, M2AN Math. Model. Numer. Anal., 33 (1999), 721--746.

[4] A. Avantaggiati, Soluzioni analitiche quasi periodiche delle equazioni alle derivate parziali a coefficienti costanti, Ann. Univ. Ferrara Sez. VII Sci. Mat., 45 (1999), 21--43.

[5] C. Bardos and E. Bernard and F. Golse and R. Sentis, The diffusion approximation for the linear Boltzmann equation with vanishing absorption, Commun. Math. Sci., 13 (2015), 1329--1371.

[6] C. Bardos and F. Golse and B. Perthame and R. Sentis, The nonaccretive radiative transfer equations: Existence of solutions and Rosseland approximation, J. Funct. Anal., 77 (1988), 434--460.

[7] C. Bardos and H. Hutridurga, Simultaneous diffusion and homogenization asymptotic for the linear Boltzmann equation, Asymptot. Anal., 100 (2016), 111--130.

[8] C. Bardos and R. Santos and R. Sentis, Diffusion approximation and computation of the critical size, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., 284 (1984), 617--649.

[9] N. Bellomo and M. Lachowicz and A. Palczewski and G. Toscani, On the initial value problem for the Boltzmann equation with a force term, Transport Theory Statist. Phys., 18 (1989), 87--102.

[10] N. Bellomo and P. Le Tallec and B. Perthame, The solution of the nonlinear Boltzmann equation: A survey of analytic and computational methods, Comput. Math. Appl., 30 (1995), 21--30.

[11] N. Ben Abdallah and P. Degond, On a hierarchy of macroscopic models for semiconductors, J. Math. Phys., 37 (1996), 3306--3333.

[12] N. Ben Abdallah and M. L. Tayeb, Diffusion approximation and homogenization of the semiconductor Boltzmann equation, Multiscale Model. Simul., 4 (2005), 896--914.

[13] E. Bernard and E. Caglioti and F. Golse, Homogenization of the linear Boltzmann equation in a domain with a periodic distribution of holes, SIAM J. Math. Anal., 42 (2010), 2082--2113.

[14] J. A. Bittencourt, Fundamentals of plasma physics, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1986.

[15] H. Brezis, Analyse fonctionnelle: Theorie et applications, Masson, Paris, 1983.

[16] G. Bruno and F. R. Grande, Compact embedding theorems for Sobolev-Besicovitch spaces of almost periodic functions, Rend. Accad. Naz. Sci. XL Mem. Mat. Appl., 20 (1996), 157--173.

[17] G. Bruno and F. R. Grande, A compactness criterion in $B_{ap}^{q}$ spaces, Rend. Accad. Naz. Sci. XL Mem. Mat. Appl., 20 (1996), 95--121.

[18] S. Chandrasekhar, Radiative transfer, Dover Publications, New York, 1960.

[19] R. Dautray and J.-L. Lions, Mathematical analysis and numerical methods for science and technology, Vol. 6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1990.

[20] R. J. Diperna and P.-L. Lions, Global weak solutions of kinetic equations, Rend. Sem. Mat. Univ. Politec. Torino, 46 (1988), 259--288.

[21] L. G. P. Dirichlet, Verallgemeinerung eines Satzes aus der Lehre von den Kettenbruchen nebst einigen Anwendungen auf die Theorie der Zahlen, S. B. Preuss. Akad. Wiss., (1842), 93--95.

[22] L. Dumas and F. Golse, Homogenization of transport equations, SIAM J. Appl. Math., 60 (2000), 1447--1470.

[23] P. Fouegap and R. Kenne B. and G. Nguetseng and D. Dongo and J. L. Woukeng, Homogenization of linear Boltzmann equations in the context of algebras with mean value, Z. Angew. Math. Phys., 71 (2020), 173.

[24] H. Gajewski, On uniqueness of solutions of the drift-diffusion-model of semiconductors devices, Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci., 4 (1994), 121--139.

[25] P. Germain, Solutions fortes, solutions faibles d'equations aux derivees partielles d'evolution, Ph.D thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2005.

[26] F. Golse and F. Poupaud, Limite fluide des equation de Boltzmann des semiconducteurs pour une statistique de Fermi-Dirac, Asymptot. Anal., 6 (1992), 135--169.

[27] F. Golse and B. Perthame and R. Sentis, Un resultat de compacite pour les equations de transport et application au calcul de la limite de la valeur propre principale d'un operateur de transport, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Ser. I Math., 301 (1985), 341--344.

[28] T. Goudon and A. Mellet, Homogenization and diffusion asymptotics of the linear Boltzmann equation, ESAIM Control Optim. Calc. Var., 9 (2003), 371--398.

[29] D. Han-Kwan and M. Leautaud, Geometric analysis of the linear Boltzmann equation II. Localization properties of the spectrum, Ann. PDE, 1 (2015), Art. 3.

[30] G. H. Hardy and E. M. Wright, An introduction to the theory of numbers, 5$^{th}$ edition, Oxford University Press, New York, 1979.

[31] V. V. Jikov and S. M. Kozlov and O. A. Oleinik, Homogenization of differential operators and integral functionals, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1994.

[32] T. Kato, The Cauchy problem for quasi-linear symmetric hyperbolic systems, Arch. Rational Mech. Anal., 58 (1975), 181--205.

[33] R. Kenne B. and G. Nguetseng and J. L. Woukeng, Deterministic homogenization of Vlasov equations, Math. Methods Appl. Sci., 43 (2020), 1359--1379.

[34] L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, Physical kinetics, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1981.

[35] B. M. Levitan and V. V. Zhikov, Almost periodic functions and differential equations, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1982.

[36] N. Masmoudi and M. L. Tayeb, Diffusion and homogenization approximation for semiconductor Boltzmann--Poisson system, J. Hyperbolic Differ. Equ., 5 (2008), 65--84.

[37] G. Nguetseng, Homogenization structures and applications I, Z. Anal. Anwend., 22 (2003), 73--107.

[38] G. Nguetseng and M. Sango and J. L. Woukeng, Reiterated ergodic algebras and applications, Commun. Math. Phys., 300 (2010), 835--876.

[39] N. Noutchegueme and E. Takou, Global existence of solutions for the Einstein--Boltzmann system with cosmological constant in the Robertson--Walker space-time, Commun. Math. Sci., 4 (2006), 291--314.

[40] F. Poupaud, Diffusion approximation of the linear semiconductor Boltzmann equation: Analysis of boundary layers, Asymptot. Anal., 4 (1991), 293--317.

[41] M. Reed and B. Simon, Methods of modern mathematical physics: Functional analysis, Vol. 1, Academic Press, New York, 1980.

[42] E. Ringeisen and R. Sentis, On the diffusion approximation of a transport process without time scaling, Asymptot. Anal., 5 (1991), 145--159.

[43] M. Sango and N. Svanstedt and J. L. Woukeng, Generalized Besicovitch spaces and applications to deterministic homogenization, Nonlinear Anal. TMA, 74 (2011), 351--379.

[44] H. H. Schaefer, Halbgeordnete lokalkonvexe Vektorraume. II, Math. Ann., 138 (1959), 259--286.

[45] J. Wei and X. Zhang, The Cauchy problem for the BGK equation with an external force, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 391 (2012), 10--25.

[46] A. M. Weinberg and E. P. Wigner, The physical theory of neutron chain reactors, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1958.

[47] S. Wollman, An existence and uniqueness theorem for the Vlasov--Maxwell system, Comm. Pure Appl. Math., 37 (1984), 457--462.

[48] J. L. Woukeng, Homogenization in algebras with mean value and applications, Banach J. Math. Anal., 9 (2015), 142--182.

[49] J. L. Woukeng, Introverted algebras with mean value and applications, Nonlinear Anal. TMA, 99 (2014), 190--215.

[50] Ya. G. Sinai, Dynamical systems III, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1980.

[51] Yu. P. Raizer, Gas discharge physics, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1997.

[52] V. V. Zhikov and E. V. Krivenko, Homogenization of singularly perturbed elliptic operators, Mat. Zametki, 33 (1983), 571--582.

Most read articles by the same author(s)